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ACLU affiliates across America requested information on local law enforcement's use of cell-phone tracking across the nation and have received a wealth of disturbing information about the extent of wireless tracking. They have produced a map showing which police departments were discovered to be tracking people's phones without a warrant.

Supreme Court Rules In GPS Tracking Device Case

Nightclub owner's conviction overturned due to illegal tracking

Last year, 20-year-old Yasir Afifi found this GPS tracker on his car while undergoing a routine oil change (imgur via khaledthegypsy, Reddit).
Washington DC police thought they had a good idea when they attached a global-positioning-system (GPS) device on the car of a suspected drug dealer in order to more effectively tail him and find his "safe house" stash.

Appeals court rules law enforcement agencies don't need a warrant to "ping" and track prepaid cellphone locations.

http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/08/warrantless-gps-phone-tracking/
http://www.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf/12a0262p-06.pdf

FBI Special Agent Joseph Schadler said, “court decisions have consistently upheld that there is no warrant necessary for GPS tracking of a vehicle.” but that’s not entirely true. This issue in full of legal vagaries with contradictory rulings from the Ninth Circuit Court and the DC Court of Appeals.

legislation that would give authorities the ability to identify the owners of pre-paid cellphones, which they say is long overdue "because for years, terrorists, drug kingpins and gang members have stayed one step ahead of the law by using prepaid phones that are hard to trace." That new tracking ability would also consequently place some new requirements on cellphone carriers and people buying the phones -- specifically, anyone buying a pre-paid cellphone would be required to present identification before buying a phone

The Police Department has called the cameras another tool in the crime-fighting kit, but it doesn’t track the data of how useful the footage might have been in investigations and convicting the accused.

Federal law enforcement agencies have been tracking Americans in real-time using credit cards, loyalty cards and travel reservations without getting court orders for the "hotwatch."

Lashing out against the "racial profiling anti-immigrant police state that is Arizona," LulzSec has released their newest data dump: "hundreds of private intelligence bulletins, training manuals, personal email correspondence, names, phone numbers, addresses and passwords belonging to Arizona law enforcement."

This winter, the Air Force is set to deploy to Afghanistan what it says is a revolutionary airborne surveillance system called Gorgon Stare, which will be able to transmit live video images of physical movement across an entire town.

The system, made up of nine video cameras mounted on a remotely piloted aircraft, can transmit live images to soldiers on the ground or to analysts tracking enemy movements. It can send up to 65 different images to different users; by contrast, Air Force drones today shoot video from a single camera over a "soda straw" area the size of a building or two.